Εμφανίζονται 10 τίτλοι με αναζήτηση: Βιογραφίες στην ευρύτερη περιοχή: "ΣΑΛΑΜΙΣ Αρχαία πόλη ΚΥΠΡΟΣ" .
ΣΑΛΑΜΙΣ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΚΥΠΡΟΣ
Evagoras. King of Salamis in Cyprus. He was sprung from a family which claimed
descent from Teucer, the reputed founder of Salamis; and his ancestors appear
to have been during a long period the hereditary rulers of that city under the
supremacy of Persia. They had, however, been expelled (at what period we are not
told) by a Phoenician exile, who obtained the sovereignty for himself, and transmitted
it to his descendants : one of these held it at the time of the birth of Evagoras,
the date of which there is no means of fixing with any degree of accuracy; but
he appears to have been grown up, though still a young man, when one Abdymon,
a native of Cittium, conspired against the tyrant, put him to death, and established
himself in his place. After this the usurper sought to apprehend Evagoras, probably
from jealousy of his hereditary claim to the government, but the latter made his
escape to Cilicia, and, having there assembled a small band of followers, returned
secretly to Salamis, attacked the tyrant in his palace, overpowered his guards,
and put him to death. (Isocr. Evag.; Diod. xiv. 98; Theopomp. ap. Phot. ; Paus.
ii. 29.4.) After this Evagoras established his authority at Salamis without farther
opposition. If we may trust his panegyrist, Isocrates, his rule was distinguished
for its mildness and equity, and he promoted the prosperity of his subjects in
every way, while lie particularly sought to extend his relations with Greece,
and to restore the influence of Hellenic customs and civilization, which had been
in some degree obliterated during the period of barbarian rule. (Isocr. Evag.)
He at the same time greatly increased the power of his subject city, and strengthened
his own resources, specially by the formation of a powerful fleet. Such was his
position in B. C. 405, when, after the defeat at Aegospotami, the Athenian general
Conon took refuge at Salamis with his few remaining gallies. Evagoras had already
received, in return for some services to Athens, the rights of an Athenian citizen,
and was on terms of personal friendship with Conon (Isocr. Evag.; Diod. xiii.
106): hence lie zealously espoused the Athenian cause. It is said to have been
at his intercession that the king of Persia determined to allow Conon the support
of the Phoenician fleet, and he commanded in person the squadron with which he
joined the fleet of Conon and Pharnabazus at the battle of Cnidus, B. C. 394.
(Xen. Hell. ii. 1.29; Isocr. Evag.; Paus. i. 3.2; Ctesias, ap. Phot.) For this
distinguished service a statue of Evagoras was set up by the Athenians in the
Cerameicus, by the side of that of Conon. (Paus. i. 3.2; Isocr. Evag.)
We have very imperfect information concerning the relation in which
Evagoras stood to the king of Persia in the early part of his reign; but it seems
probable that he was regarded from the first with suspicion: the tyrants whom
he had succeeded are particularly spoken of as friendly to Persia (Diod. xiv.
98), and we learn from Ctesias (ap. Phot.) that his quarrels with one of the other
petty states of Cyprus had already called for the interference of the great king
before the battle of Cnidus. The chronology of the succeeding events is also very
obscure; but the most consistent view of the matter appears to be that derived
from Theopompus (ap. Phot.), that Artaxerxes had previously determined to make
war upon Evagoras, and had even commenced his preparations, but was unable to
engage with vigour in the enterprise until after the peace of Antalcidas (B. C.
387). (See Clinton, F. H. vol. ii.; and comp. Isocr. Panegyr.; Xen. Hell. iv.
8.21, v. 1.10.) Meantime Evagoras had not only extended his dominion over the
greater part of Cyprus, but had ravaged the coast of Phoenicia with his fleet,
prevailed on the Cilicians to revolt from Persia, and even (if we may believe
Isocrates and Diodorus) made himself master of Tyre itself. (Diod. xiv. 98, 110,
xv. 2; Isocrat. Evag.) At length, however, a great fleet and army were assembled
under the command of Tiribazus and Orontes, and Evagoras having ventured to oppose
them with very inferior forces was totally defeated; all the rest of Cyprus fell
into the hands of the satraps, and Evagoras himself was shut up within the walls
of Salamis. But the Persian generals seem to have been unable to follow up their
advantage, and notwithstanding this blow the war was allowed to linger for some
years. The dissensions between his two adversaries at length proved the safety
of Evagoras : Tiribazus was recalled in consequence of the intrigues of Orontes,
and the latter hastened to conclude a peace with the Cyprian monarch, by which
he was allowed to retain un controlled possession of Salamis, with the title of
king. (Diod. xv. 2-4, 8, 9; Theopomp. ap. Phot.; Isocr. Evag., Panegyr.) This
war, which is said to have lasted ten yeas in all, was brought to a close in B.
C. 385. (Diod. xv. 9; Clinton, F. H. vol. ii.) Evagoras survived it above ten
years. He was assassinated in 374, together with his eldest son Pnytagoras, by
an eunuch named Thrasydaeus ; but the murder was caused by revenge for a private
injury, and he seems to have been succeeded without opposition by his son Nicocles.
(Theopomp. ap. Phot.; Arist. Pol. v. 10 ; Diod. xv. 47, and Wesseling, ad loc.)
Our knowledge of the character and administration of Evagoras is derived mainly
from the oration of Isocrates in his praise, addressed to his son Nicocles; but
this is written in a style of undistinguishing panegyric, which must lead us to
receive its statements with great caution.
This text is from: A dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, 1873 (ed. William Smith). Cited Oct 2005 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
Evagoras. Apparently a son of the preceding, is mentioned by Diodorus as joined with Phocion in the command of an expedition destined to recover Cyprus for the king of Persia, from whom it had revolted. (B. C. 351.) They succeeded in reducing all the island with the exception of Salamis, which was held by Pnytagoras, probably a brother of this Evagoras. The latter had obtained from the Persian king a promise of his father's government in case he could effect its conquest; but the siege being protracted. Evagoras by some means incurred the displeasure of Artaxerxes, who became reconciled to Pnytagoras, and left him in the possession of Salamis, while he appointed Evagoras to a government in the interior of Asia. Here, however, he again gave dissatisfaction, and was accused of maladministration, in consequence of which lie fled to Cyprus, where he was seized and put to death. (Diod. xvi. 42, 46.)
This text is from: A dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, 1873 (ed. William Smith). Cited Oct 2005 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
Aristyllus (Aristos), of Salamis in Cyprus, a Greek historian, who wrote a history of Alexander the Great, in which he mentioned the embassy of the Romans to Alexander at Babylon (Arrian, Anab. vii. 15; Athen. x.; Clemens Alex. Protrcpt.; Strab. xiv.). That he lived a considerable time later than Alexander, may be inferred from Strabo (xv.), although it is impossible to determine the exact time at which he lived. Some writers are inclined to believe that Aristus, the historian, is the same person as Aristus the academic philosopher, who was a contemporary and friend of Cicero, who taught philosophy at Athens, and by whom M. Brutus was instructed. This philosopher moreover was a brother of the celebrated Antiochus of Ascalon. But the opinion which identifies the historian and philopher, is a mere hypothesis, supported by nothing but the circumstance that both bore the same name. (Cic. Brut. 97, de Finib. v. 5, Academ. i. 3, ii. 4, Tuscul. Quaest. v. 8, ad Att. v. 10; Plut. Brut. 2.)
This text is from: A dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, 1873 (ed. William Smith). Cited Oct 2005 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
Demetrius, of Salamis, wrote a work on the island of Cyprus. (Steph. Byz. s. v. Karpasia.)
Πληροφορίες Σύνταξης:
Βιογραφία, αναφορές και λοιπές εργασίες για τον Ομηρο παρατίθενται στην Νήσο Ιο , ένας από τους τόπους που διεκδικούν την τιμή της καταγωγής του, όπου και ο τάφος του. Ανάμεσα σ' αυτούς, σύμφωνα με ένα επίγραμμα (Gell. III, 11), συγκαταλέγονται, μαζί με την Ιο, η Χίος, η Σμύρνη, η Ρόδος, η Κολοφών, η Σαλαμίνα της Κύπρου, το Αργος, η Αθήνα, η Κύμη της Αιολίδας, η Πύλος και η Ιθάκη.
Hegesias (called Hegesinus by Photius, Cod. 239. p. 319, ed. Bekker), a native of Salamis, supposed by some to have been the author of the Cyprian poem, which, on better authority, is ascribed to Stasinus. (Athen. xv. p. 682 e.; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. i. p. 382.)
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