Εμφανίζονται 3 τίτλοι με αναζήτηση: Πληροφορίες για τον τόπο στην ευρύτερη περιοχή: "ΑΜΦΙΣΣΑ Αρχαία πόλη ΠΑΡΝΑΣΣΙΔΑ" .
ΑΜΦΙΣΣΑ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΠΑΡΝΑΣΣΙΔΑ
Amphissaios, Amphisseus: Amphissensis: Adj. Amphissius: Salona. The chief town
of the Locri Ozolae, situated in a pass at the head of the Crissaean plain, and
surrounded by mountains, from which circumstance it is said to have derived its
name. (Steph. B. s. v.) Pausanias (x. 38. § 4) places it at the distance of 120
stadia from Delphi, and Aeschines (in Ctesiph. p. 71) at 60 stadia: the latter
statement is the correct one, since we learn from modern travellers that the real
distance between the two towns is 7 miles. According to tradition, Amphissa was
called after a nymph of this name, the daughter of Macar and granddaughter of
Aeolus, who was beloved by Apollo. (Paus. l. c.) On the invasion of Greece by
Xerxes, many of the Locrians removed to Amphissa. (Herod. viii. 32.) At a later
period the Amphictyons declared war against the town, because its inhabitants
had dared to cultivate the Crissaean plain, which was sacred to the god, and had
molested the pilgrims who had come to consult the oracle at Delphi. The decree
by which war was declared against the Amphissians was moved by Aeschines, the
Athenian Pylagoras, at the Amphictyonic Council. The Amphictyons entrusted the
conduct of the war to Philip of Macedon, who took Amphissa, and razed it to the
ground, B.C. 338. (Aesch. in Ctesiph. p. 71, seq.; Strab. p. 419.) The city, however,
was afterwards rebuilt, and was sufficiently populous in B.C. 279 to supply 400
hoplites in the war against Brennus. (Paus. x. 23. § 1.) It was besieged by the
Romans in B.C. 190, when the inhabitants took refuge in the citadel, which was
deemed impregnable. (Liv. xxxvii. 5, 6.) When Augustus founded Nicopolis after
the battle of Actium, a great many Aetolians, to escape being removed to the new
city, took up their abode in Amphissa, which was thus reckoned an Aetolian city
in the time of Pausanias (x. 38. § 4). This writer describes it as a flourishing
place, and well adorned with public buildings. It occupied the site of the modern
Salona, where the walls of the ancient acropolis are almost the only remains of
the ancient city. (Leake, Northern Greece, vol. ii. p. 588, seq.)
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited May 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
"The greatest and most illustrious city of the Lokrians,"
wrote Pausanias. Used as a refuge by the Phokians and Delphians during the Persian
invasion of 480, it supported the expedition of the Spartan Eurylochos against
Naupaktos in 426. During the Third Sacred War, it sided against the Phokians who
had seized Delphi. Accused of sacrilege for having encroached on the hiera chora,
it was the cause of a Fourth Sacred War and was seized by Philip II. In 321, the
city resisted the besieging Aitolians and, in 279, joined in defending the Sanctuary
of Delphi against the Galates. On becoming part of Aitolia, it successfully resisted
the Romans' siege, and was freed from Aitolian rule in 167. After Actium and the
founding of Nikopolis, it was inhabited by Aitolian refugees and henceforth claimed
to be Aitolian and not Lokrian.
Pausanias saw a Temple of Athena here on the acropolis as well as
a bronze statue said to have been brought back from Troy by Thoas; he also noted
a cult of the Anakes paides--identified as the Dioskouri or Kouretes or, more
reasonably according to Pausanias, the Kabeiroi, seeing that their cult included
a telete--as well as the tombs of the eponymous hero Amphissos, the nymph Amphissa,
the hero Andraimon, the founder of the city, and his wife Gorge. From inscriptions
we also know of a cult of Asklepios. Amphissa's calendar differed from that of
the other Ozolian cities.
Amphissa has been located with certainty at Salona. There are traces
of a powerful rampart that surrounded not only the citadel (where the Frankish
castle was set up on its ruins) but also the lower city, up to the stream now
called Katsikopniktes; the masonry is of the pseudo-isodomic type characteristic
of the 3d c. Lokrian ramparts, but older polygonal blocks were reused in it. The
discovery of the manumissions by sale to Asklepios suggests that the sanctuary
stood on the S side of the acropolis, near a spring. There are scattered Roman
mosaics. Recent salvaging excavations have revealed tombs, the earliest going
back to the Geometric period.
L. Lerat, ed.
This text is from: The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites,
Princeton University Press 1976. Cited Nov 2002 from
Perseus Project URL below, which contains 200 image(s), bibliography & interesting hyperlinks.
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