Εμφανίζονται 2 τίτλοι με αναζήτηση: Πληροφορίες για τον τόπο στην ευρύτερη περιοχή: "ΛΑΡΙΣΑ Αρχαία πόλη ΤΟΥΡΚΙΑ" .
ΛΑΡΙΣΑ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΤΟΥΡΚΙΑ
L. Phriconis, a city on the coast of Mysia, near Cyme, of Pelasgian origin, but colonized by the Aeolians. It was also called the Egyptian Larissa, because Cyrus the Great settled in it a body of his Egyptian mercenary soldiers.
Ruins at 28 km N of Izmir. These ruins are usually identified with
Larisa, a very old city, the principal place in the region before the coming of
the Aiolian Greeks. Of the various cities of the name, this is perhaps the one
referred to by Homer as fertile Larisa, home of warlike Pelasgians (Il. 2.840-41;
cf. Strab. 620). These Pelasgians of Larisa resisted the Greeks on their arrival,
but were eventually overcome, and Larisa became one of the twelve cities of the
Aiolian League. After 546 B.C. she acquired the name of Egyptian Larisa owing
to the settlement by Cyrus of some Egyptian allies of Croesus. In the Delian Confederacy
Larisa was assessed for tribute, at least in 425 B.C., but there is no evidence
that she ever paid. In 399 Larisa successfully resisted Thibron's attempt to liberate
her from the Persians (Xen. Hell. 3.1.7). Included in the Attalid kingdom, the
city at some time during the Hellenistic period lost her independence; the cause
is not known. Strabo said the place was deserted; Pliny (HN 5.121) wrote "fuerat
Larisa." On the other hand we find a Larisa still existing in the 2d c. A.D.,
when Aelius Aristides passed through on his way from Smyrna to Pergamum (Or. 51.4).
The identity of the site has been challenged in favor of another a
few km to the E at Yanik Koy, previously identified with Neonteichos. The excavations
have provided no evidence to decide the question.
On the hill above Buruncuk, some 100 m high, remains of three building
periods have been distinguished: a pre-Greek city wall enclosing a remarkably
extensive area; second, the fortification of the acropolis about 500 B.C.; and
finally a complete reconstruction in the 4th c. The walls still standing, in polygonal
and ashlar masonry, are of exceptionally fine construction. The main gate, on
the N, is approached by a winding road up the hillside; much of the paving remains.
Among the closely packed buildings in the interior, of which only
foundations survive, two temples and a palace have been identified. The houses
are mainly of megaron type, converted in some cases to the form of a peristyle
house. Water was in early times supplied by wells; these still survive and have
been used until recently. Later, perhaps ca. 500 B.C., an aqueduct was constructed
to bring water from the mountain to the E.
The necropolis, E of the city, comprised mostly tombs of tumulus type;
a low ring wall of polygonal masonry was surmounted by a cone of earth, with the
grave, made of stone slabs set on edge, placed in the middle. In many cases the
original ring has been enlarged by the addition of one or more segments of circles.
A few of the tombs are rectangular. The necropolis as a whole is dated by the
sherds to the 6th c. B.C. Over 100 tumuli have been found, but only a few may
be recognized today.
Yanik Koy has never been excavated; little can be seen beyond a stretch
of polygonal city wall and a number of terrace walls on the hillside.
G. E. Bean, ed.
This text is from: The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites,
Princeton University Press 1976. Cited Nov 2002 from
Perseus Project URL below, which contains bibliography & interesting hyperlinks.
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