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CAZLONA (Town) ANDALUCIA
Castulo (Cazlona) Jaen, Spain.
An Ibero-Roman city of Baetica in the environs of Linares, inhabited from the
end of the Neolithic Age on and famous for the nearby silver mines of Sierra Morena.
It has produced fragments of Greek black-figure vases from the end of the 6th
c. B.C., red-figure vases from the first half of the 4th c. B.C., and some kraters
of the same date from Italy. It was the largest city in Oretania (Strab. 3.156)
and closely tied to the Carthaginian party (Livy 24.41). Nearby was the Baebelo
mine, which paid Hannibal 300 pounds of silver per day (Plin. 33.96).
Castulo played a large part in the beginning of the Roman conquest
(App. Iberia 16; Livy 26.19). The inscriptions on its coins were in native alphabets.
It has contributed a few good Roman portraits, one in a toga of the Flavian period,
many Hispanic sigillata and Roman gems, architectural fragments, Roman glass,
and animalistic sculpture such as Iberian and Roman lions, all now in the Archeological
Museum of Linares. Stelai with human figures in relief are in the Archaeological
Museum of Madrid. Many inscriptions have been found there, one of them a fragment
of an olive oil law of Hadrian. Iberian, Roman, and Visigothic necropoleis are
well documented. Castulo was surrounded by walls and had several temples, a theater,
and a circus.
J.M. Blazquez, ed.
This text is from: The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites,
Princeton University Press 1976. Cited Jan 2006 from
Perseus Project URL below, which contains bibliography & interesting hyperlinks.
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