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Zenodotus (Zenodotos). A celebrated grammarian of Ephesus, superintendent of the
great library at Alexandria, who flourished under Ptolemy Philadelphus, about
B.C. 308. Zenodotus was employed by Philadelphus, together with his two contemporaries,
Alexander the Aetolian and Lycophron the Chalcidian, to collect and revise all
the Greek poets. Alexander, we are told, undertook the task of collecting the
tragedies, Lycophron the comedies, and Zenodotus the poems of Homer and of the
other illustrious poets. Zenodotus, however, devoted his chief attention to the
Iliad and Odyssey. Hence he is called the first reviser (diorthotes) of Homer,
and his recension (diorthosis) of the Iliad and Odyssey obtained the greatest
celebrity. The corrections which Zenodotus applied to the text of Homer were of
three kinds:
(1) He expunged verses; (2
) he marked some as spurious, but left them in his copy;
(3) he introduced new readings and transposed or altered verses.
The great attention which Zenodotus paid to the language of Homer caused a new
epoch in the grammatical study of the Greek language. The results of his investigations
respecting the meaning and the use of words were contained in two works which
he published under the title of a glossary (Glossai), and a dictionary of barbarous
or foreign phrases. See Duntzer, De Zenodoti Studiis Homericis (Gottingen, 1848);
Romer, Ueber die Homerrecension des Zenod. (Munich, 1885); and the article Textual
Criticism.
This text is from: Harry Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. Cited July 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
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