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Hippolytus (Hippolutos). The Joseph of classical literature, a son of Theseus and Hippolyte, or, according to others, of Theseus and Antiope. Theseus, after the death of his first wife, married Phaedra, the daughter of Minos and sister of Ariadne. This princess was seized with a criminal affection for the son of the Amazon, an affection produced by the wrath of Aphrodite against Hippolytus for neglecting her divinity and for devoting himself solely to the service of Artemis; or else against Phaedra as the daughter of Pasiphae. During the absence of Theseus, the queen made advances to her step-son, which were indignantly rejected. Filled with fear and hate, on the return of her husband she accused Hippolytus of an attempt on her honour. Without giving the youth an opportunity of clearing himself, the monarch, calling to mind that Poseidon had promised him the accomplishment of any three wishes that he might form, cursed and implored destruction on his son from the god. As Hippolytus, leaving Troezen, was driving his chariot along the seashore, a monster, sent by Poseidon from the deep, terrified his horses; they burst away in fury, heedless of their driver, dashed the chariot to pieces, and dragged along Hippolytus, entangled in the reins, until he died. Phaedra ended her days by her own hand; and Theseus, when too late, learned the innocence of his son. Euripides has founded his tragedy, Hippolytus, on this subject, but the legend assumes a somewhat different shape with him. According to the plot of his play, Phaedra hangs herself in despair when she finds that she is slighted by her step-son, and Theseus, on his return from his travels, finds, when taking down her corpse, a writing attached to it, in which Phaedra accused Hippolytus of having attempted her honour. According to another legend, Aesculapius restored Hippolytus to life, and Artemis transported him, under the name of Virbius, to Italy, where he was worshipped in the grove of Aricia. The story of Hippolytus forms the subject of a play by Euripides with that title, of a Latin tragedy by Seneca, and the Phedre of Racine.
This text is from: Harry Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. Cited Oct 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
Editor’s Information:
About Hippolytus, Euripides wrote the homonymous tragedy, of which the e-text(s) is (are) found in Greece (ancient country) under the category Ancient Greek Writings.
Troezen, (Troizen), a son of Pelops, and founder of the town of Troezen or Troezene. He was the father of Anaphlystus and Sphettus. (Paus. ii. 30.8)
Born in Troezen (see more at Athens ancient city)
(Troezenians) They say that Orus was the first to be born in their land. Now, in my opinion, Orus is an Egyptian name and utterly un-Greek; but they assert that he became their king, and that the land was called Oraea after him and that Althepus, the son of Poseidon and of Leis, the daughter of Orus, inheriting the kingdom after Orus, named the land Althepia. (Paus. 2.30.5)
Son of Poseidon and Leis, second king of Troezenia, founds temple of Demeter Lawgiver.
Althepus (Althepos), a son of Poseidon and Leis, a daughter of Orus, king of Troezen. The territory of Troezen was called after him Althepia. In his reign Pallas and Poseidon disputed the possession of the country with each Other (Paus. ii. 30. 6.)
Saron, a mythical king of Troezene, who built a sanctuary of Artemis Saronia on
the sea-coast. Once while chasing a stag into the sea he was drowned, and his
body, which was washed on shore in the grove of Artemis, was buried there, and
the gulf between Attica and Argolis was, from this circumstance, called the Saronic
Gulf (Paus. ii. 30.7). Near Troezene there was a little town called Saron (Steph.
Byz. s. v.), and Troezene itself is said at one time to have been called Saronia
(Eustath. ad Hom.)
After Althepus, Saron became king. They said that this man built the sanctuary
for Saronian Artemis by a sea which is marshy and shallow, so that for this reason
it was called the Phoebaean lagoon. Now Saron was very fond of hunting. As he
was chasing a doe, it so chanced that it dashed into the sea and he dashed in
alter it. The doe swam further and further from the shore, and Saron kept close
to his prey, until his ardor brought him to the open ocean. Here his strength
failed, and he was drowned in the waves. The body was cast ashore at the grove
of Artemis by the Phoebaean lagoon, and they buried it within the sacred enclosure,
and after him they named the sea in these parts the Saronic instead of the Phoebaean
lagoon. They know nothing of the later kings down to Hyperes and Anthas. (Paus. 2.30.7)
They (Troezenians) know nothing of the later (after Saros) kings down to Hyperes and Anthas. These they assert to be sons of Poseidon and of Alcyone, daughter of Atlas, adding that they founded in the country the cities of Hyperea and Anthea; Aetius, however, the son of Anthas, on inheriting the kingdoms of his father and of his uncle, named one of the cities Poseidonias. When Troezen and Pittheus came to Aetius there were three kings instead of one, but the sons of Pelops enjoyed the balance of power. Here is evidence of it. When Troezen died, Pittheus gathered the inhabitants together, incorporating both Hyperea and Anthea into the modern city, which he named Troezen after his brother. Many years afterwards the descendants of Aetius, son of Anthas, were dispatched as colonists from Troezen, and founded Halicarnassus and Myndus in Caria. Anaphlystus and Sphettus, sons of Troezen, migrated to Attica, and the parishes are named after them. (Paus. 2.30.8-9)
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