Listed 13 sub titles with search on: Information about the place for wider area of: "KARYSTOS Town EVIA" .
GERESTOS (Ancient port) KARYSTOS
Geraistos: Eth. Geraistios. A promontory of Euboea, forming the south-west extremity
of the island, now called Cape Mandili. There was a town on this cape, with a
celebrated temple of Poseidon, and at its foot there was a well-frequented port,
which seems to have been small, though Livy, as Leake observes, calls it nobilis
Euboeae portus.
KARYSTOS (Ancient city) EVIA
Karustos: Eth. Karustios. A town of Euboea, situated on the south
coast of the island, at the foot of Mt. Oche. It is mentioned by Homer (Il. ii.
539), and is said to have been founded by Dryopes. (Thuc. vii. 57; Diod. iv. 37;
Scymn. 576.) Its name was derived from Carystus, the son of Cheiron. (Steph. B.
s. v.; Eustath. ad Hom. l. c.) The Persian expedition under Datis and Artaphernes
(B.C. 490) landed at Carystus, the inhabitants of which, after a slight resistance,
were compelled to submit to the invaders. (Herod. vi. 99.) Carystus was one of
the towns, from which Themistocles levied money after the battle of Salamis. (Herod.
viii. 112.) A few years afterwards we find mention of a war between the Athenians
and Carystians; but a peace was in the end concluded between them. (Thuc. i. 98;
Herod. ix. 105.) The Carystians fought on the side of the Athenians in the Lamian
war. (Diod. xviii. 11.) They espoused the side of the Romans in the war against
Philip. (Liv. xxxii. 17; Pol. xviii. 30.)
Carystus was chiefly celebrated for its marble, which was in much
request at Rome. Strabo places the quarries at Marmarium, a place upon the coast
near Carystus, opposite Halae Araphenides in Attica ; but Mr. Hawkins found the
marks of the quarries upon Mt. Ocha. On his ascent to the summit of this mountain
he saw seven entire columns, apparently on the spot where they had been quarried,
and at the distance of three miles from the sea. This marble is the Cipolino of
the Romans,- a green marble, with white zones. (Strab. x. p. 446; Plin. iv. 12.
s. 21, xxxvi. 6. s. 7 ; Plin. Ep. v. 6; Tibull. iii. 3. 14; Senec. Troad. 835;
Stat. Theb. vii. 370; Capitol. Gordian. 32.) At Carystus the mineral asbestus
was also obtained, which was hence called the Carystian stone (lithos Karustios,
Plut. de Def. Orac. p. 707; Strab. l. c.; Apoll. Dysc. Hist. Mirab. 36.) There
are very few remains of the ancient Carystus.
Antigonus, the author of the Historiae Mirabiles, the comic poet Apollodorus,
and the physician Diocles were natives of Carystus.
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited June 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
GERESTOS (Ancient port) KARYSTOS
(Geraistos). A promontory and harbour at the southern extremity of Euboea, with a celebrated temple of Poseidon.
KARYSTOS (Ancient city) EVIA
A town on the southern coast of Euboea, founded by Dryopes, celebrated for its marble quarries and for the mineral known as asbestos
KARYSTOS (Ancient city) EVIA
A titular see of Greece.
According to legend it was named after Carystus, a son of Chiron.
The ancient city is often mentioned by geographers, chiefly on account
of its beautiful marble and its amianth obtained from Mount
Oche.
The see was at first a suffragan of Corinth,
but early in the ninth century was made a suffragan of Athens
and before 1579 of Euripos (Chalcis).
The bishopric was maintained in 1833, but under the district name of Carystia,
its titular residing at Kyme.
In 1900 it was united to Chalcis
(Euripos), the capital of the island.
Carystus is to-day a village on the southern coast of Euboea.
S. Petrides, ed.
Transcribed by: Gerald M. Knight
This extract is cited June 2003 from The Catholic Encyclopedia, New Advent online edition URL below.
GERESTOS (Ancient port) KARYSTOS
The site of a Sanctuary of Poseidon, near Platanistos in the S part
of the region. The name was also used for the cape, now called Mandeli, and a
harbor 3 km to its N at Porte Kastri. As the only good harbor on the S coast,
the town was visited by merchant ships throughout antiquity. The sanctuary, of
pre-Hellenic origin, is mentioned by Homer and Strabo. Bursian and others have
located it at Helleniko 5 km N of the harbor, as no remains have been found at
Porto Kastri, though Geyer thought the cape itself would be a more appropriate
location. Bursian found a terrace with traces of walls around the remains of a
white marble temple, and cited an inscription mentioning Artemis Bolosia.
M. H. Mc Allister, ed.
This text is from: The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites,
Princeton University Press 1976. Cited Nov 2002 from
Perseus Project URL below, which contains bibliography & interesting hyperlinks.
KARYSTOS (Ancient city) EVIA
At modern Palaiochora under Castel Rosso hill, over a km inland from
the N shore of the great bay. Sparse Neolithic and Early Helladic finds occur
at half a dozen nearby spots. The Dryopian town probably dates from the Dark Ages.
It stood Persian siege in 490 B.C. (the alleged traces of city walls are uncertain),
but in 480 contributed to Xerxes' fleet, and so was ravaged by the Greeks. Karystos
entered the Delian League after war with Athens, and revolted with the other Euboians
in 411. The only Classical remains are the walls at Platanisto. In 411 or after
the Lamian War the town probably lost territory to Eretria and by ca. 290 joined
the Euboian League. Later 3d c. coins show a pro-Macedonian tyrant and in 196
B.C. Karystos shared Eretria's fall to Rome.
The vogue at Rome for greenish Karystian marble, begun possibly by
Mamurra, revivified the area, its prosperity rising to a peak under Hadrian. Dozens
of quarries are known, though mostly for local stone, especially NW of Marmari
(Strabo's Marmarion) and above Karystos where unfinished columns 13 m long may
still be seen near Myloi. Monumental buildings spread now if not before to the
coast. A four-stepped heptastyle peripteral Ionic temple of the 2d c. has been
excavated there. Many marble and poros blocks, including a battered Roman pedimental
relief, were built into the 14th c. Venetian coastal fort, the Bourtzi.
The port of Geraistos to the E, with its Sanctuary of Poseidon, was
on the main route from the Euripos SE and from Athens NE, and probably had an
Athenian clerouchy. It is referred to from Homer to Procopios, and finds continue
to be made.
The region's most dramatic monument is the megalithic place of worship
atop Mount Ocha, the Dragon House, where the excavators found sherds inscribed
in archaic Chalkidian script outside, and Classical and Hellenistic pottery inside.
The building is a rectangle ca. 10 x 5 m, interior dimensions, with a door and
two windows in the S side. The roughly isodomic walls are ca. one m thick. In
the interior the blocks are smoothed; on the exterior many show a curious rustication.
The roof consists of four superimposed layers of great blocks corbeled inward,
but not meeting, at least today, in the center. (Cf. Styra.)
Other, comparatively undatable, remains have been found at Philagra
and at Archampolis (perhaps associated with iron mining), and on promontories
in the Karystos and Geraistos bays. Late Roman columnar members are found in churches
near Marmari, Metochi, and Zacharia.
M. B. Wallace, ed.
This text is from: The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites,
Princeton University Press 1976. Cited Nov 2002 from
Perseus Project URL below, which contains bibliography & interesting hyperlinks.
MANDILI (Cape) EVIA
The site of a Sanctuary of Poseidon, near Platanistos in the S part
of the region. The name was also used for the cape, now called Mandeli, and a
harbor 3 km to its N at Porte Kastri. As the only good harbor on the S coast,
the town was visited by merchant ships throughout antiquity. The sanctuary, of
pre-Hellenic origin, is mentioned by Homer and Strabo. Bursian and others have
located it at Helleniko 5 km N of the harbor, as no remains have been found at
Porto Kastri, though Geyer thought the cape itself would be a more appropriate
location. Bursian found a terrace with traces of walls around the remains of a
white marble temple, and cited an inscription mentioning Artemis Bolosia.
M. H. Mc Allister, ed.
This text is from: The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites,
Princeton University Press 1976. Cited Nov 2002 from
Perseus Project URL below, which contains bibliography & interesting hyperlinks.
OCHI (Mountain) KARYSTIA
This is the site of perhaps the best known of a series of stone-built
structures first recognized in the rugged country of S Euboia, where peasants
call them Drakospitia (Spitia or Sentia tou Drakou). Frequently mentioned in the
reports of 19th c. travelers, these structures have certain architectural characteristics
in common. All are built of a local gray-green schist which readily splits into
flattish slabs that were laid (without mortar) in basically horizontal courses,
sometimes with indications of polygonal masonry and stacking. There is very little
evidence of the use of wood in the construction; even the floors and roofs were
of stone. The latter are particularly interesting since, when sufficiently preserved,
they reflect the use of corbeling.
Although some 40 Dragon Houses have been reported, the best known
examples are three in the neighborhood of Styra and one on Mt. Ocha. The latter
is located near the crest of the mountain, some 1,400 m above sea level, and can
be reached only after a difficult climb from Karystos (preferably in the company
of a guide). It is a simple one-roomed structure (interior dimensions: ca. 5 x
10 m), entered by means of a single door in one (S) of the long sides. Two small
windows flank the door. Although some of the earliest visitors mention an altar
or offering table, there are no extant indications of special features inside
the building. It is not certain whether the roof was entirely corbeled or only
partially so, thus leaving a small opening through which smoke could escape.
No excavation had been carried out at any of these sites until 1959,
when a small investigation was conducted in the Dragon House on Mt. Ocha. The
results indicate that the building itself had been used at least in Classical
and Hellenistic times and the site had been frequented at least since the archaic
period. There is no evidence of prehistoric occupation. The finds tend to support
the early theories attaching a religious significance to this building, but no
concrete evidence of the deity (or deities) worshiped here has yet been reported.
In spite of the new information about the date and function of the
Dragon House on Mt. Ocha, there is no reason to assume that all structures of
this type in S Euboia ought to be regarded similarly. It is quite possible that
some served no religious purpose at all and were nothing more than dwellings.
(Those near the marble quarries of Styra, for example, may have been merely quarters
for the officials or laborers in the quarries.) Nor is it necessary to regard
all of them as of similar date, for village houses in the neighborhood are still
being made of the same materials today. Although their architectural style has
been termed Dryopian after the name of the early inhabitants of the region, it
should perhaps be noted that structures of comparable style can be found in geologically
related areas elsewhere, e.g., Andros, Tenos, Keos, and Mt. Hymettos in Attica.
This suggests that local building materials played a more important role in the
resulting architecture than has usually been recognized.
T. W. Jacobsen, ed.
This text is from: The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites,
Princeton University Press 1976. Cited Nov 2002 from
Perseus Project URL below, which contains bibliography & interesting hyperlinks.
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