Listed 100 (total found 376) sub titles with search on: Information about the place for wider area of: "MAKEDONIA EAST & THRACE Region GREECE" .
KAVISSOS (Ancient city) ALEXANDROUPOLI
Since ancient times there has been disagreement on the location of this Homeric city.
PROSSOTSANI (Small town) DRAMA
MESSIMVRIA (Ancient city) ALEXANDROUPOLI
(following URL information only in Greek)
PRASSINADA (Location) XANTHI
Photo Album in URL, information in Greek only.
AERODROMIO (Settlement) KAVALA
It was named Aerodromio (=Airport) because it is located at the region of the Kavala airport, which is at a distance of 9 km.
AETOKORYFI (Village) RODOPI
It is located at the eastern side of the valley of Komotini.
SAMOTHRAKI (Island) MAKEDONIA EAST & THRACE
Samothraki, the Greek island where you can bathe under the shade of the sycamore trees
ANGITIS (Tributary) DRAMA
Angites (Angites: Anghista), a river of Macedonia, flowing into the lake Cercinitis, about 6 or 8 miles to the N of Amphipolis. (Herod. vii. 113; Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iii. p. 183.)
AVDIRA (Ancient city) XANTHI
Abdera (ta Abdera, also Abderon or -os; Abdera,-orum, Liv. xlv. 29;
Abdera,-ae, Plin. xxv. 53: Eth. Abderites, Abderites or -ita: Adj. Abderitikos,
Abderiticus, Abderitanus), a town upon the southern coast of Thrace, at some distance
to the E. of the river Nestus. Herodotus, indeed, in one passage (vii. 126), speaks
of the river as flowing through Abdera (6 ho di Habderon rheon Nestos, but cf.
c. 109, kata Abdera). According to mythology, it was founded by Heracles in honour
of his favourite Abderus. (Strab. p. 331.) History, however, mentions Timesius
or Timesias of Clazomenae as its first founder. (Herod. i. 168.) His colony was
unsuccessful, and he was driven out by the Thracians. Its date is fixed by Eusebius,
B.C. 656. In B.C. 541, the inhabitants of Teos, unable to resist Harpagus, who
had been left by Cyrus, after his capture of Sardis, to complete the subjugation
of Ionia, and unwilling to submit to him, took ship and sailed to Thrace, and
there recolonised Abdera. (Herod. l. c.; Scymnus Chius, 665; Strab. p. 644.) Fifty
years afterwards, when Xerxes invaded Greece, Abdera seems to have become a place
of considerable importance, and is mentioned as one of the cities which had the
expensive honour of entertaining the great king on his .march into Greece. (Herod.
vii. 120.) On his flight after the battle of Salamis, Xerxes stopped at Abdera,
and acknowledged the hospitality of its inhabitants by presenting them with a
tiara and scymitar of gold. Thucydides (ii. 97) mentions Abdera as the westernmost
limit of the kingdom of the Odrysae when at its height at the beginning of the
Peloponnesian war. In B.C. 408 Abdera was reduced under the power of Athens by
Thrasybulus, then one of the Athenian generals in that quarter. (Diod. xiii. 72.)
Diodorus speaks of it as being then in a very flourishing state. The first blow
to its prosperity was given in a war in which it was engaged B.C. 376 with the
Triballi, who had at this time become one of the most powerful tribes of Thrace.
After a partial success, the Abderitae were nearly cut to pieces in a second engagement,
but were rescued by Chabrias with an Athenian force. (Diod. xv. 36.) But little
mention of Abdera occurs after this. Pliny speaks of it as being in his time a
free city (iv. 18). In later times it seems to have sunk into a place of small
repute. It is said in the middle ages to have had the name of Polystylus. Dr.
Clarke (Travels, vol. iii. p. 422) mentions his having searched in vain on the
east bank of the Nestus for any traces of Abdera, probably from imagining it to
have stood close to the river. Abdera was the birthplace of several famous persons:
among others, of the philosophers Protagoras, Democritus, and Anaxarchus. In spite
of this, its inhabitants passed into a proverb for dullness and stupidity. (Juv.
x. 50; Martial, x. 25. 4; Cic. ad Att. iv. 1. 6, vii. 7.) Mullets from Abdera
were considered especial dainties (Athen. p. 118). It was also famous for producing
the cuttle-fish (Id. p. 324).
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited September 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
DIDYMOTICHO (Town) EVROS
Didymoteichos (Didumoteichos), a Thracian town opposite to Plotinopolis,
situated not far from the point where the Eurus empties itself into the Hebrus,
on an island of the former. It is now called Demotica. (Nicet. Chr. p. 404.)
DIKEA (Ancient city) AVDIRA
Dikaia. a Greek port town on the coast of Thrace on lake Bistonis, in the country
of the Bistones. The place appears to have decayed at an early period. Some identify
it with the modern Curnu, and others with Bauron.
DORISKOS (Ancient city) ALEXANDROUPOLI
Doriskos. a coast town of Thrace, in a plain west of the river Hebrus,
which is hence called the plain of Doriscus (Dopiskos pedion). During the expedition
of Darius the place was taken and fortified by the Persians; and in this plain
Xerxes reviewed his forces before commencing his march against Greece. In the
time of Livy it appears to have been only a fort - castellum. The neighbourhood
of Doriscus is now called the plain of Romigik.
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited June 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
DRYS (Ancient city) SAMOTHRAKI PERAIA
EVROS (River) MAKEDONIA EAST & THRACE
Hebrus (Hebros: Maritza), the principal river of Thrace, has its sources
near the point where mount Scomius joins mount Rhodope, in the northwestern corner
of Thrace. Its course at first has a south-eastern direction; but below Adrianopolis
it takes a south-western turn, and continues to flow in that direction until it
reaches the Aegaean near Aenos. (Thucyd. ii. 96; Plin. iv. 18; Aristot. Meteor.
i. 13.) The tributaries of the Hebrus are so numerous and important, that it becomes
navigable even at Philippolis, while near its mouth it becomes really a large
river. (Herod. vii. 59.) Near its mouth it divides itself into two branches, the
eastern one of which forms lake Stentoris. (Herod. vii. 58; Acropolita, p. 64.)
The most important among its tributaries are the Suemus, Arda, Artiscus, Tonsus,
and Agrianes. About Adrianople the basin of the Hebrus is very extensive; but
south of that city it becomes narrower, the mountains on both sides approaching
more closely to the river. During the winter the Hebrus is sometimes frozen over.
(Comp. Herod. iv. 90; Polyb. xxxiv. 13; Eurip. Here. Fur. 386; Strab. vii. pp.
322, 329, xiii. p. 590; Ptol. iii. 11. § 2; Arrian, Anab. i. 11; Mela, ii. 2;
Virg. Eel. x. 65, Georg. iv. 463, 524; Val. Flac. ii. 515, iv. 463, viii. 228.)
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited September 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
FILIPPI (Ancient city) KAVALA
Philippoi: Eth. Phillippeus, Philippesios. A city of Macedonia, which
took its name from its founder, Philip, the father of Alexander. Origin. ally,
it had been called Crenides (Krenides, Strab. vii. p. 331; Appian, B.C. iv. 105,
107; Steph. B. s. v Philippoi), or the Place of Fountains, from the numerous streams
in which the Angites takes its source. Near Crenides were the principal mines
of gold in a hill called, according to Appian (l. c.) Dionysi Collis (lophos Dionusou),
probably the same mountain as that where the Satrae possessed an oracle of Dionysus
interpreted by the Bessi. (Herod. vii. 111.) Crenides does not appear to have
belonged to the Thasians in early times although it was under their dominion in
the 105th Olympiad (B.C. 360). When Philip of Macedon got possession of the mines,
he worked them with so much success, that they yielded 1000 talents a year, although
previously they had not been very productive. (Diodor. xvi. 4--8.) The old city
was enlarged by Philip, after the capture of Amphipolis, Pydna, and Potidaea,
and fortified to protect his frontier against the Thracian mountaineers. On the
plain of Philippi, between Haemus and Pangaeus, the last battle was lost by the
republicans of Rome. Appian has given a clear description of Philippi, and the
position on which Cassius and Brutus encamped. The town was situated on a steep
hill, bordered to the N. by the forests through which the Cassian army advanced,--to
the S. by a marsh, beyond which was the sea, to the E. by the passes of the Sapaei
and Corpili, and to the W. by the great plains of Myrcinus, Drabescus, and the
Strymon, which were 350 stadia in length. Not far from Philippi, was the hill
of Dionysus, containing the gold mines called Asyla; and 18 stadia from the town,
were two other heights, 8 stadia asunder; on the one to the N. Brutus pitched
his camp, and Cassius on that to the S. Brutus was protected on his right by rocky
hills, and the left of Cassius by a marsh. The river Gangas or Gangites flowed
along the front, and the sea was in the rear. The camps of the two leaders, although
separate, were enclosed within a common entrenchment, and midway between them
was the pass, which led like a gate from Europe to Asia. The galleys were at Neapolis,
70 stadia distant, and the commissariat in Thasos, distant 100 stadia. Dion Cassius
(xlvii. 35) adds, that Philippi was near Pangaeus and Symbolum, and that Symbolum,
which was between Philippi and Neapolis, was so called because it connected Pangaeus
with another mountain stretching inland; which indentifies it with the ridge which
stretches from Pravista to Kavala, separating the bay of Kavala from the plain
of Philippi. The Pylae, therefore, could be no other than the pass over that mountain
behind Kavala. M. Antonius took up his position on the right, opposite to that
of Cassius, at a distance of 8 stadia from the enemy. Octavius Caesar was opposed
to Brutus on the left hand of the even field. Here, in the autumn of B.C. 42,
in the first engagement, Brutus was successful against Octavius, while Antonius
had the advantage over Cassius. Brutus, incompetent to maintain the discipline
of his troops, was forced to fight again; and in an engagement which took place
on the same ground, twenty days afterwards, the Republic perished. Regarding the
battle a curious mistake was repeated by the Roman writers (Manil. i. 908; Ovid,
Met. xv. 824; Flor. iv. 42; Lucan, i. 680, vii. 854, ix. 271; Juv. viii. 242),
who represented it as fought on the same ground as Pharsalia,--a mistake which
may have arisen from the ambiguity in the lines of Virgil (Georg. i. 490), and
favoured by the fact of the double engagement at Philippi. (Merivale, Hist. of
Roman Empire, vol. iii. p. 214.) Augustus afterwards presented it with the privileges
of a colonia, with the name Col. Jul. Aug. Philip. (Orelli, Inscr. 512, 3658,
3746, 4064; and on coins ; Rasche, vol. iii. pt. 2. p. 1120), and conferred upon
it the Jus Italicum. (Dion Cass. li. 4.) It was here, in his second missionary
journey, that St. Paul, accompanied by Silas, came into contact with the itinerant
traders in popular superstitions (Acts, xvi. 12--40); and the city was again visited
by the Apostle on his departure from Greece. (Acts, xx. 6.) The Gospel obtained
a home in Europe here, for the first time; and in the autumn of A.D. 62, its great
teacher, from his prison, under the walls of Nero's palace, sent a letter of grateful
acknowledgment to his Macedonian converts. Philippi was [p. 600] on the Egnatian
road, 33 M. P. from Amphipolis, and 21 M. P. from Acontisma. (Itin. Anton.; Itin.
Hierosol.) The Theodosian Table presents two roads from Philippi to Heracleia
Sintica. One of the roads passed round the N. side of the lake Cercinitis, measuring
55 M. P., the other took the S. side of the lake, and measured 52 M. P. When Macedonia
was divided into two provinces by Theodosius the Younger, Philippi became the
ecclesiastical head of Macedonia Prima, and is mentioned in the Handbook of Hierocles.
The site, where there are considerable remains of antiquity, is still
known to the Greeks by its ancient name; by the Turks the place is called Felibedjik.
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited June 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
IAMBOLI (Settlement) KOMOTINI
Dampolis or Diampolis (Diampolis: Iamboli), a Greek town in the interior
of Thrace, to the east of Irenopolis, on the river Tonsus. (Ann. Comn. x. p. 274.)
It is probably the same place as the Diopolis of Hierocles, and the Diospolis
of Malala (ii. p. 167).
IAMFORINI (Ancient city) KAVALA
Iamphorina, the capital of the Maedi, in Macedonia, which was taken
B.C. 211 by Philip, son of Demetrius. (Liv. xxvi. 25.) It is probably represented
by Vrania or Ivorina, in the tipper valley of the Morava. (Leake, Northern Greece,
vol. iii. p. 473.)
IION (Ancient city) KAVALA
Eion: Eth. Eioneus. A town and fortress situated at the mouth of the
Strymon, 25 stadia from Amphipolis, of which it was the harbour. (Thuc. iv. 102.)
Xerxes, on his return after the defeat at Salamis, sailed from Eion to Asia. (Herod.
viii. 118.) The Persian Boges was left in command of the town, which was captured,
after a desperate resistance, by the Athenians and their confederates, under Cimon.
(Herod. vii. 107; Thuc. i. 98; comp. Paus. viii. 8. § 2.) Brasidas attacked it
by land and by boats on the river, but was repulsed by Thucydides, who had come
from Thasos with his squadron in time to save it. (Thuc. iv. 107.) It was occupied
by Cleon; and the remains of his army, after their defeat at Amphipolis, mustered
again at Eion. (Thuc. v. 10.) Extensive ruins of thick walls, constructed of small
stones and mortar, among which appear many squared blocks in the Hellenic style,
have been found on the left bank of the Strymon beyond the ferry. These ruins
belong to the Byzantine period, and have been attributed to a town of the Lower
Empire, Komitisse, which the Italians have converted into Contessa. These remains
at the ferry stand nearly, if not exactly, on the site of Eion on the Strymon.
(Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iii. p. 172.)
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited June 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
ISMARIS (Lake) KOMOTINI
Ismaris (Ismaris limne), a small lake on the south coast of Thrace,
a little to the east of Maronea. (Herod. vii. 169; Steph. B. s. v. Ismaros.) On
its eastern side rises Mt. Ismarus.
ISMAROS (Mountain) KOMOTINI
Ismarus (Ismaros), a mountain rising on the east of lake Ismaris,
on the south coast of Thrace (Virg. El. vi. 30, Georg. ii. 37; Propert. ii. 13.
5. iii. 12. 25 ; Lucret. v. 31, where it is called Ismara, as in Virg. Aen. x.
351.) Homer (Od. ix. 40,198) speaks of Ismarus as a town of the Cicones, on or
at the foot of the mountain. (Comp. Marc. Heracl. 28.) The name of the town also
appears in the form Ismaron. (Plin. iv. 18.) The district about Ismarus produced
wine which was highly esteemed. (Athen. i. p. 30; Ov. Met. ix. 641; Steph. B.
s. v.)
ISMAROS (Ancient city) RODOPI
A mountain rising on the east of lake Ismaris, on the south coast
of Thrace (Virg. El. vi. 30, Georg. ii. 37; Propert. ii. 13. 5. iii. 12. 25 ;
Lucret. v. 31, where it is called Ismara, as in Virg. Aen. x. 351.) Homer (Od.
ix. 40,198) speaks of Ismarus as a town of the Cicones, on or at the foot of the
mountain. (Comp. Marc. Heracl. 28.) The name of the town also appears in the form
Ismaron. (Plin. iv. 18.) The district about Ismarus produced wine which was highly
esteemed. (Athen. i. p. 30; Ov. Met. ix. 641; Steph. B. s. v.)
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited June 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
KOMPSATOS (River) KOMOTINI
Compsatus (Kompsatos), a river of Thrace, which flowing through Lake
Bistonis emptied itself into the Aegean. (Herod. vii. 109.)
MARONIA (Ancient city) RODOPI
Maroneia. Eth. Maroneites. A rich and powerful city of the Cicones, in Thrace,
situated on the Aegean sea, not far from the lake Ismaris. (Herod. vii. 109.)
It was said to have been founded by Maron, a son of Dionysus (Eurip. Cycle. v.
100, 141), or, according to some, a companion of Osiris (Diod. Sic. i. 20); but
Scymnus (675) relates that it was built by a colony from Chios in the fourth year
of the fifty-ninth Olympiad (B.C. 540). Pliny (iv. 11. s. 18) tells us that the
ancient name was Ortagurea. The people of Maronea venerated Dionysus in an especial
manner, as we learn from their coins, probably on account of the superior character
of their wine, which was celebrated as early as the days of Homer (Od. ix. 196,
seqq.). This wine was universally esteemed all over the. ancient world; it was
said to possess the odour of Nectar (Nonnus, i. 12, xvii. 6, xix. 11), and to
be capable of mixture with twenty times its quantity of water (Hom. Od. ix. 209);
and, according to Pliny, on an experiment being made by Mucianus, who doubted
the truth of Homer's statement, it was found to bear even a larger proportion
of water. (Plin. xiv. 4. s. 6; comp. Victa Maroneo foedatus lumina Baccho, Tibull.
iv. 1. 57).
Maroneia was taken by Philip V. of Macedon in B.C. 200 ; and when
he was ordered by the Romans to evacuate the towns of Thrace, he vented his rage
by slaughtering a great number of the inhabitants of the city. (Liv. xxxi. 16,
xxxix. 24; Polyb. xxii. 6, 13, xxiii. 11, 13.) The Romans subsequently granted
Maroneia to Attalus; but they almost immediately afterwards revoked their gift,
and declared it a free city. (Polyb. xxx. 3.) By Constantine Porphyrogenitus (Them.
ii. 2), Maroneia is reckoned among the towns of Macedon. The modern name is Marogna,
and it has been the seat of an archbishopric.
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MAXIMIANOUPOLI (Ancient city) RODOPI
(Maximianoupolis), a town of Thrace, formerly called Impara or Pyrsoalis (It.
Ant. p. 331), not far from Rhodope (Amm. Marc. xxvii. 4), and the lake Bistonis
(Melet. p. 439, 2; It. Hieros. p. 603; Hierocl. p. 634; Const. Porph. de Them.
ii. 1; Procop. de Aed. iv. 11; Conc. Chal. p. 96.)
MESSIMVRIA (Ancient city) ALEXANDROUPOLI
Dor. Mesambria: Eth. Mesembrianos. An important Greek city in Thrace,
situated on the coast of the Euxine and at the foot of Mt. Haemus (Scymn. Ch.
738); consequently upon the confines of Moesia, in which it is placed by Ptolemy
(iii. 10. § 8). Strabo (vii. p. 319) relates that it was a colony of the Megarians,
and that it was originally called Menebria (Menebria) after its founder Menas
; Stephanus B. (s. v.) says that its original name was Melsembria (Melsembria),
from its founder Melsas; and both writers state that the termination -bria was
the Thracian word for town. According to the Anonymous Periplus of the Euxine
Mesembria was founded by Chalcedonians at the time of the expedition of Darius
against Scythia; but according to Herodotus (vi. 33) it was founded a little later,
after the suppression of the Ionic revolt, by Byzantine and Chalcedonian fugitives.
These statements may, however, be reconciled by supposing that the Thracian. town
was originally colonized by Megarians, and afterwards received additional colonists
from Byzantiurn and Chalcedon. Mesembria was one of the cities, forming the Greek
Pentapolis on the Euxine, the other four being Odessus, Tomi, Istriani and Apolloniatae.
Mesembria is rarely mentioned in history, but it continued to exist till a late
period. (Mela, ii. 2; Plin. iv. 11. s. 18 ; Ptol. I. c.; Tab. Peut.)
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited June 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
NEAPOLIS (Ancient city) KAVALA
Neapolis. Eth. Neapolites. A town of Macedonia, and the haven of Philippi, from
which it was distant 10 M. P. (Strab. vii. p. 330; Ptol. iii. 13. § 9; Scymn.
685; Plin. iv. 11; Hierocl.; Procop. Aed. iv. 4; Itin. Hierosol.) It probably
was the same place as DATUM (Daton), famous for its gold-mines (Herod. ix. 75),
and a seaport, as Strabo (vii. p. 331) intimates: whence the proverb which celebrates
Datum for its good things. (Zenob. Prov. Graec. Cent. iii. 71; Harpocrat. s. v.
Datos.) Scylax does, indeed, distinguish between Neapolis and Datum; but, as he
adds that the latter was an Athenian colony, which could not have been true of
his original Datum, his text is, perhaps, corrupt in this place, as in so many
others, and his real meaning may have been that Neapolis was a colony which the
Athenians had established at Datum. Zenobius (l. c.) and Eustathius (ad Dionys.
Perieg. 517) both assert that Datum was a colony of Thasos; which is highly probable,
as the Thasians had several colonies on this coast. If Neapolis was a settlement
of Athens, its foundation was, it may be inferred, later than that of Amphipolis.
At the great struggle at Philippi the galleys of Brutus and Cassius were moored
off Neapolis. (Appian, B.C. iv. 106; Dion Cass. xlvii. 35.) It was at Neapolis,
now the small Turkish village of Kavallo (Leake, North. Greece, vol. iii. p. 180,
comp. pp. 217, 224), that Paul (Acts, xvi. 11) landed. The shore of the mainland
in this part is low, but the mountains rise to a considerable height behind. To
the W. of the channel which separates it from Thasos, the coast recedes and forms
a bay, within which, on a promontory with a port on each side, the town was situated.
(Conybeare and Howson, Life and Epist. of St. Paul, vol. i. p. 308.) Traces of
paved military roads are still found, as well as remains of a great aqueduct on
two tiers of Roman arches, and Latin inscriptions. (Clarke, Trav. vol. viii. p.
49.)
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NESTOS (River) GREECE
Nestus or Nessus (Nestos, Scyl. pp. 8, 29; Scymn. 672; Pomp. Mela,
ii. 2. §§ 2, 9; Plin. iv. 11, viii. 16; Nessos, Hesiod. Theog. 341; Ptol. iii.
12. § 2, iii. 13. § 7; Mestos, Zonar. ix. 28: Nesto, Turkish Karasu), the river
which constituted the boundary of Thrace and Macedonia in the time of Philip and
Alexander, an arrangement which the Romans continued on their conquest of the
latter country. (Strab. vii. p. 331; Liv. xlv. 29.) Thucydides (ii. 96) states
that it took its rise in Mt. Scomius, whence the Hebrus descended; being, in fact,
that cluster of great summits between Ghiustendil and Sofia, which sends tributaries
to all the great rivers of the N. of European Turkey. It discharged itself into
the sea near Abdera. (Herod. vii. 109; comp. Theophrast. H. P. iii. 2; Leake,
Northern Greece, vol. iii. p. 215.)
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ORTHAGORIA (Ancient city) RODOPI
A town of Macedonia, of which coins are extant. Pliny (iv. 11. s. 18) says that
Ortagurea was the ancient name of Maroneia; but we learn from an ancient geographer
(Hudson, Geogr. Min. vol. iv. p. 42) that Orthagoria was the ancient name of Stageira,
to which accordingly the coins are assigned. (Eckhel, vol. ii. p. 73.)
ORVILOS (Mountain) DRAMA
Orbelus (Orbelos, Herod, v. 16; Strab. vii. p. 329; Diodor. xx. 19
; Arrian, Anab. i. 1. § 5; Ptol. iii. 9. § 1,iii 11. § 1; Pomp. Mela, ii 2. §
2; Plin iv. 17), the great mountain on the frontiers of Thrace and Macedonia,
which, beginning at the Strymonic plain and lake, extends towards the sources
of the Strymon, where it unites with the summit called Scomius, in which the river
had its origin. The amphibious inhabitants of lake Prasias procured their planks
and piles, on which they constructed their dwellings, from this mountain. (Herod.
l. c.) Cassander, after having assisted Audoleon, king of Paeonia, against the
Illyrian Autariatae, and having conquered them, transported 20,000 men, women,
and children to Mt. Orbelus. (Diodor. l. c.) The epitomiser of Strabo (l. c.),
who lived not long before the commencement of the 11th century, applies this name
to the ridge of Haemus and Rhodope; Gatterer (Comment. Soc. Got. vol. iv. p. 99,
vol. vi. p. 33; comp. Poppo, Prolegom. in Thuc. pars i. vol. ii. p. 321), in consequence,
was inclined to believe that there were two mountains of this name. Kiepert (Karte
der Europ. Turkei) identifies Orbelus with Perin Dagh. The district called Orbelia
(Orbelia, Ptol. iii. 13. § 25), with the town Garescus derived its name from the
mountain. (Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iii. pp. 211, 463.)
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PAGGAIO (Mountain) KAVALA
Pangaeum, Pangaeus (to Pangaion or Pangaion oros, ho Pangaios, Herod.
v. 16, vii. 112, 113; Thuc. ii. 99; Aesch. Pers. 494; Pind. Pyth. iv. 320; Eurip.
Rhes. 922, 972; Dion Cass. xlvii. 35; Appian, B.C. iv. 87, 106; Plin. iv. 18;
Virg. Georg. iv. 462; Lucan i.679), the great mountain of Macedonia, which, under
the modern name of Pirndri, stretching to the E. from the left bank of the Strymon
at the pass of Amphipolis, bounds all the eastern portion of the great Strymonic
basin on the S., and near Pravista meets the ridges which enclose the same basin
on the E. Pangaeume produced gold as well as silver (Herod. vii. 112; Appian,
B.C. iv. 106); and its slopes were covered in summer with the Rosa centifolia.
(Plin. xxi. 10; Theoph. H. P. vi. 6; Athen. xv. p. 682.) The mines were chiefly
in the hands of the Thasians; the other peoples who, according to Herodotus (l.
c.), worked Pangaeum, were the Pieres and Odomanti, but particularly the Satrae,
who bordered on the mountain. None of their money has reached us; but to the Pangaean
silver mines may be traced a large coin of Geta, king of the Edones. (Leake, Northern
Greece, vol. iii. pp. 176, 190, 212.)
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited August 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
PERGAMOS (Ancient city) KAVALA
A fortress in the Pieric hollow, by which Xerxes passed in his march, leaving
Mt. Pangaeum on his right. It is identified with Pravista, where the lower maritime
ridge forms a junction with Pangaeum, and separates the Pieric valley from the
plain of Philippi.
PLOTINOUPOLIS (Ancient city) DIDYMOTICHO
Plotinopolis (Ptol. iii. 11. § 13). A town of Thrace, on the road
from Trajanopolis to Hadrianopolis, and connected with Heraclea by a by-road.
(Itin. Ant. pp. 175, 322.) According to the Itinerary, it was 21 miles distant
from Hadrianopolis. It was probably founded by Trajan at the same time with Trajanopolis,
and named after his consort Plotina. It was restored by Justinian. (Procop, Aed.
iv. 11.) Variously identified with Dsjisr-Erkene, Bludin, and Demotica; but Pococke
(iii. c. 4) thinks that the ruins near Uzun Kiupri belong to it.
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited June 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
RODOPI (Mountain chain) MAKEDONIA EAST & THRACE
Rhodope (Rhodope, Herod. vi. 49; Thuc. ii. 96; Polyb. xxxiv. 19; Strab.
iv. p. 208, vii. pp. 313, 329, 331; Mela, ii. 2. § 2; Plin. iii. 29, iv. 5. s.
17; Amm. Marc. xxi. 10. § 3; Malchus, ap. Exc. de Leg. Rom. p. 90), a mountain
chain forming the W. continuation of Haemus, and the frontier between Thrace and
Macedonia, of which little more is known than the name. On its desolate heights,
the lurking places of the fierce Satrae, was the great sanctuary and oracle of
the Thracian Dionysus. As the Strymon took its sources in Rhodope (Strab. viii.
p. 331) the high ridges round Dupnitza and Ghiustendil must be assigned to Rhodope,
which may roughly be said to belong to the central of the three continuous chains,
which under the name of the Despoto Dagh branches out to the S. of the Balkan
(Haemus) at about 23° E. long.
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited August 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
SALI (Ancient city) EVROS
Sale a town on the S. coast of Thrace, near the W. mouth of the Hebrus, and nearly equidistant from Zone and Doriscus. It is mentioned by Herodotus (vii. 59) as a Samothracian colony.
SKAPTI YLI (Ancient city) KAVALA
Scapte Hyle (Skapte hule, Plut. Cim. 4, de Exilio, p. 605; Marcellin. Vit. Thucyd.
§ 19), or the foss wood, situated on the confines of Macedonia and Thrace, in
the auriferous district of Mt. Pangaeum, to which Thucydides was exiled, and where
he composed his great legacy for all ages - the history of the war in which he
had served as general.
STRYMI (Ancient city) MOLYVOTI
Strume. A town on the S. coast of Thrace, a little to the W. of Mesembria, between
which and Stryme flowed the small river Lissus, which the army of Xerxes is said
to have drunk dry. (Herod. vii. 108.) Stryme was a colony of Thasos; but disputes
seem to have arisen respecting it between the Thasii and the people of the neighbouring
city of Maroneia. (Philip. ap. Demos. p. 163, R.)
TEMPYRA (Ancient city) SAMOTHRAKI PERAIA
Tempyra. Tympira, Timpirum (Ad Unimpaira). A town in the S. of Thrace, on the
Egnatian Way, between Trajanopolis and Maxiniamopolis. It was situated in a defile,
which rendered it a convenient spot for the operations of the predatory tribes
in its neighbourhood. Here the Thrausi attacked the Roman army under Cn. Manlius,
on its return, loaded with booty, through Thrace from Asia Minor (B.C. 188); but
the want of shelter exposed their movements to the Romans, who were thus enabled
to defeat them. (Liv, xxxviii. 41.) The defile in question is probably the same
as the Korpilon stena mentioned by Appian (B.C. iv. 102), and through which, he
states, Brutus and Cassius marched on their way to Philippi (Tafel, de Viae Egnatiae
Parte orient. p. 34). Paul Lucas (Trois Vog. pp. 25, 27) regards it as corresponding
to the modern Gurschine.
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited June 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
THASSOS (Island) MAKEDONIA EAST & THRACE
TOPIROS (Ancient city) XANTHI
Toperis, (or Topirus Topeiros). A town in the SW. of Thrace, a little
NE. from the mouth of the Nestus, and a short distance W. of Abdera. In the time
of Procopius (B. G. iii. 38) it was the first of the maritime cities of Thrace,
and is described as distant 12 days' journey from Byzantium. Very little is known
about this place. In later times it was called Rhusion (Rhousion, Hierocl. l.
c.; cf. Aposposm. Geo. in Hudson. iv. p. 42; and Anna Comn. p. 212), and was the
seat of a bishopric. (Cone. Chalced.) Justinian rebuilt its walls, which had been
demolished, and made them stronger than before. (Procop. de Aed. iv. 11.) According
to Paul Lucas and Boudoue, the modern Tosbur occupies its site; but Lapie identifies
it with Kara-Giuenzi.
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited June 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
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