Listed 2 sub titles with search on: Information about the place for wider area of: "NEANDRIA Ancient city TURKEY" .
NEANDRIA (Ancient city) TURKEY
Neandreia, Neandrium, Neandrus (Neandreia, NeandrioW, Neandros: Eth.
Neandreus or Neandrieus), a town in Troas, probably founded by Aeolians; in the
time of Strabo it had disappeared, its inhabitants, together with those of other
neigh-bouring places, having removed to Alexandreia. (Strab. xiii. pp. 604, 606.)
According to Scylax (p. 36) and Stephanus Byz. (s. v.), Neandreia was a maritime
town on the Hellespont ; and Strabo might perhaps be supposed to be mistaken in
placing it in the interior above Hamaxitus ; but he is so explicit in his description,
marking its distance from New Ilium at 130 stadia, that it is scarcely possible
to conceive him to be in the wrong. Hence Leake (Asia Minor, p. 274), adopting
him as his guide, seeks the site of Neandreia in the lower valley of the Scamander,
near the modern town of Ene.
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited August 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
The Greek name Korone, referring to the territory of the city, is
arbitrary. Though sources are scarce, some information appears in Strabo (Geogr.
13.604), Pliny (HN 5.30.122) and Xenophon (Hell. 3.1.16). Its name appears from
454 to 431 m the tribute lists of the Attic maritime league. From 399 Neandria
fell under the satrapy of Mania, and at her death, under Dercyllidas (Xen. Hell.
3.1.16). In 310 B.C. the population of the city was transferred by Antigonos to
Antigoneia (later Alexandria Troas) (Strab. Geogr. 13.593,597,604,607). At the
end of the 4th c. B.C., with the synoecism of the work of Antigonos, one may consider
the history of the city closed.
The ruins of Neandria are at a height of 500 m on a granite crest
of Cgri Dag near the sea, to the S of the river Skamandros and of Troy. The walls
have a continuous socle and average 3 m in thickness. They enclose an irregular
polygon, with a perimeter of 3200 m. The enclosure has 11 towers and as many openings;
4 principal towers, at the extremities of the perimeter, are built to double size,
jutting out to protect recessed gates joined to the wall by large angle-walls.
The arrangement described has been assigned to the 5th c. B.C. on the basis of
the masonry technique, which is of the irregular trapezoidal type. However, to
the principal tower on the S side a section of wall was added in trapezoidal isodomic
technique with squared facings, datable to the 4th c. B.C.; while at the SE corner
of the enclosure there is a section constructed of overlaid rough stones, certainly
from the 6th c. B.C. A long section of wall on the W side of the city may be assigned
to the beginning of the same century. A road crosses the city from N to S, lined
with groups of houses constructed of accurately squared blocks, datable to the
5th c. B.C. Remains of archaic houses are to the W of the road. To the N of houses
from the Classical period, between them and the city wall, is a large space recognizable
as the site of the stadium. About 1 km outside the encircling wall to the S there
is a square area where inscriptions have been found attesting to the existence
of a sanctuary of Zeus. Necropoleis have been found to the N, NE, E, S, and SW
of the walls. The burials are between slabs of terracotta, in pithoi, in caskets
made of slabs, in monolithic sarcophagi, or in sarcophagi constructed of slabs.
Several tombs on the S side are marked by miniature tumuli of earth. An actual
tumulus ringed with large stones has been identified to the S of the principal
tower on the S side of the city wall. Within the walls, on an esplanade in the
center of the city, a Temple to Apollo has been found. On the terrace of the substructure
(12.87 x 25.71 m) rises the true cella, a rectangle 8.04 x 19.82 m. The entrance
is at the NW, the longitudinal axis of the temple being oriented NW-SE. Along
its length, aligned inside the cella, is a row of seven columns that divide the
temple into two aisles. The entire construction is in local limestone. The columns
rested on socles, without bases, and had smooth and highly tapered shafts. Each
column was surmounted by a so-called Aiolian capital (sometimes called proto-Ionic)
consisting of two elements. A low, shallow abacus rises from a palmette that flowers
between two spiral volutes which constitute the echinus; the true capital is separated
from the shaft by two foliated rings (so-called water lilies), between two convex
moldings. The columns sustained the principal beam of the roof, which must have
been sloping, forming pediments on the short sides. The covering was of tiles
with sima and antefix of terracotta, several decorated fragments of which have
been found. The capitals, whose elements vary from example to example, were reconstructed
(by Koldewey). The graphic reconstruction and restoration of the fragments have
been accepted in general, but contrary opinions have been expressed. On the basis
of comparison with capitals recently discovered at Thasos, some feel the foliated
elements of the Aiolian capitals at Neandria should be considered apart. Abutting
the short SE side of the temple's podium an inscribed base has been discovered
that mentions a statue of Apollo. A little farther S are the foundations (4.8
x 4.1 m) of the altar of the temple. The coins of Neandria, almost entirely in
silver with the head of Apollo on the obverse, are datable between 430 and 310
B.C., but throw little light on the final period of the city's life.
N. Bonacasa, ed.
This text is from: The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites,
Princeton University Press 1976. Cited Nov 2002 from
Perseus Project URL below, which contains bibliography & interesting hyperlinks.
Receive our daily Newsletter with all the latest updates on the Greek Travel industry.
Subscribe now!
