Listed 9 sub titles with search on: Information about the place for wider area of: "BOLU Province TURKEY" .
VITHYNION (Ancient city) TURKEY
Bithynium (Bithunion: Eth. Bithunieus, Bithuniates), a city in the
interior of Bithynia, lying above Tins, as Strabo describes it, and possessing
the country around Salon, which was a good feeding country for cattle, and noted
for its cheese. (Plin. xi. 42; Steph. B. s. v. Saloneia.) Bithynium was the birthplace
of Antinous, the favourite of Hadrian, as Pausanius tells us (viii. 9), who adds
that Bithynium is beyond, by which he probably means east of, the river Sangarius;
and he adds that the remotest ancestors of the Bithynians are Arcadians and Mantineis.
If this is true, which however does not seem probable, a Greek colony settled
here. Bithynium was afterwards Claudiopolis, a name which it is conjectured it
first had in the time of Tiberius (Cramer, Asia Minor, vol. i. p. 210); but it
is strange that Pausanias does not mention this name. Dion Cassius (lxix. 11.
ed. Reimarus, and his note) speaks of it under the name of Bithynium and Claudiopolis
also. It has been inferred from the words of Pausanias that Bithynium was on or
near the Sangarius, but this does not appear to be a correct interpretation. Leake,
however, adopts it (Asia Minor, p. 309); and he concludes from the dubious evidence
of Pausanias that, having been originally a Greek colony, it was probably not
far from the mouth of the Sangarius. But this is quite inconsistent with Strabo,
who places it in the interior; as Pliny (v. 32) does also. It seems probable that
Claudiopolis was in the basin of the Billaeus; and this seems to agree with Ptolemy's
determination of Claudiopolis.
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited August 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
PROUSIAS PROS IPIO (Ancient city) TURKEY
Some writers distinguish from this a smaller city, called P. ad Hypium or Hyppium (pros toi Hgppioi potamoi) which stood northwest of the former, and was originally called Cierus (Kieros), and belonged to the territory of Heraclea, but was conquered by Prusias, who named it after himself. It stood northwest of the former. Perhaps it is only another name for Cius.
VITHYNION (Ancient city) TURKEY
A city of Bithynia, previously called Bithynium. It was situated
above Tium, in a district named Salone, celebrated for its excellent pastures
and a cheese much esteemed at Rome. Under Theodosius it was made the capital of
the province Honorias. Many years after, we learn from Anna Comnena and Leo Diaconus,
who describe it as the most wealthy and flourishing city of Galatia, that it was
almost totally destroyed by an earthquake, attended with vast loss of life.
This text is cited Oct 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
PROUSIAS PROS IPIO (Ancient city) TURKEY
VITHYNION (Ancient city) TURKEY
PROUSIAS PROS IPIO (Ancient city) TURKEY
City in Bithynia 8 km N of Duzce, which lies midway between Istanbul
and Ankara, and on the road from Duzce to Akcakoca on the Black Sea. It was an
important city on the road from Nicomedia (Izmit) to Amastris (Amasra) in Pontos,
and lay E of the Hypios river.
The site is on a defensible hill at the foot of Mt. Hypios, and is
mentioned by Pliny and Memnon. According to the latter, King Prusias I conquered
Kieros and changed its name to Prusias. When the city was conquered by the Romans
in 74 B.C. it consisted of four phylai; it flourished under Roman rule, and inscriptions
indicate that it had 12 phylai in the 2d c. A.D. Hadrian, Caracalla, and Elagabalus
visited it, and in the 4th c. it became a bishopric. Georgios, bishop of Prusias
ad Hypium, was present at the Council of Nicaea, and another bishop, Olympios,
attended the Council of Calchedon in 451.
Remains are of the Roman period and Roman walls surround the site.
The S and W walls and a S gate called Baltali Kapi are still standing; they incorporate
many earlier inscriptions. The theater, 100 by 74 m, probably dates from the 2d
c. A.D. Most of the cavea is standing, and the scaenae frons and parodoi are visible.
A three-arched bridge, 10 m long, outside the walls to the W, was intact until
recently, when a flood ruined the pavement. A colonnaded street runs SE from the
bridge; carved entablatures, arches, pediments, pavements, and drains are still
visible. Pavement mosaics, now covered, have been found S of the city outside
the wall. They include scenes of Achilles and Thetis and of Orpheus with the Seasons.
Buildings of the early Ottoman period include a bath and an aqueduct.
Many inscriptions, architectural fragments, bomoi (especially the funerary bomos
of an Athenian actor), and a garland sarcophagus can be seen in the museum depot.
Other finds are in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum, including a bust of a boy,
and statues of Tyche, a philosopher, and a seated woman.
N. Firatli, ed.
This text is from: The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites,
Princeton University Press 1976. Cited Nov 2002 from
Perseus Project URL below, which contains bibliography & interesting hyperlinks.
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