Listed 47 sub titles with search on: Monuments reported by ancient authors for wider area of: "LEVADIA Province VIOTIA" .
KORONIA (Ancient city) VIOTIA
(Paus. 9,34,3).Epimelius (=keeper of flocks).
(Paus. 9,34,3).
LEVADIA (Ancient city) VIOTIA
Oracle of Trophonius at Lebadea. One of the most celebrated of the Greek oracles, and in a place of sombre and impressive aspect, in Boeotia. There were different versions of the legend of Trophonius: the most dignified (found in Plut. Consol. ad Apoll. 14) tells us that Trophonius and Agamedes built the temple of Delphi, and, upon desiring a reward of the god, he told them that he would give them one on the seventh day; on which day they were found dead. Apollo made Trophonius a prophet; and the Boeotians were bidden to consult him at Lebadea on the means to put an end to a drought that afflicted the land. A swarm of bees led them to the sacred cave, and the oracle was established (Pausan. ix. 40, 1, 2). The rites necessary before consulting it were complicated and terrifying. First, the consultants had to purify themselves by spending some days in the sanctuary of the good spirit and good luck (Agathou Daimonos kai agathes Tuches); to live soberly and purely; to abstain from warm baths, but to bathe in the river Hercyna; to offer sacrifices to Trophonius and his children, to Apollo, Cronos, king Zeus, to Herb who holds the reins (Heniocha), and to Demeter Europe, who was said to have nursed Trophonius; and during each of these sacrifices a soothsayer examined the entrails of the victim. On the last night, the consultant had to sacrifice a ram to Agamedes. Only in the event of all the signs being favourable was admission to the cave granted. If it were granted: two boys, 13 years old, led the consultant again to the river Hercyna, and bathed and anointed him. The priests then made him drink from the well of.Lethe, that he might forget all his former thoughts, and from the well of Mnemosyne, that he might remember the visions he was about to receive. They showed him an ancient statue of Trophonius, which he adored; led him to the sanctuary, dressed him in linen garments, with girdles and a peculiar kind of shoes (krepides); and bade him descend a ladder into the cave. Close to the bottom was an opening into which he put his foot; some invisible power then drew his whole body through the opening. In each hand he held a honeycake to appease the subterranean deities. The vision then seen by him was carefully remembered, and told to the priests on his remounting to the light; and when he had recovered from his fears, the priests informed him of the meaning of the oracle. (Pausan. ix. 39, § 3 sqq.: cf. Philostr. Vit. Apoll. viii. 19.) But the vision sometimes left men melancholy for a long time. Epaminondas consulted this oracle just before the battle of Leuctra, and received from it the shield of Aristomenes, the Messenian hero (Pausan. iv. 32, § § 5, 6). It preserved a certain reputation even down to the time of Plutarch (de Orac. Defect. 5), though Sulla had plundered it. It was much consulted by the Romans (Origen, c. Celsus, vii. p. 355). Lebadea is the origin of the modern Livadia.
This text is from: A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890) (eds. William Smith, LLD, William Wayte, G. E. Marindin). Cited July 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
ORCHOMENOS (Archaeological site) VIOTIA
(Pint. de Orac. Defect. 44.)
TEGYRA (Ancient city) ORCHOMENOS
Oracle of Tegyra. This lay not far from Abae, but just within the Boeotian frontier. Plutarch tells us that it flourished chiefly in the Persian wars, when it had a high priest Echecrates (Pelopid. 16), and promised the Greeks the victory over the Persians (Defect. Orac. 5). Tegyra was on one occasion declared by the Pythia herself to have been the birthplace of Apollo (Plutarch, Pelopid. 16; Defect. Orac. 5; Steph. Byz. s. v. Tegura).
This text is from: A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890) (eds. William Smith, LLD, William Wayte, G. E. Marindin). Cited July 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
YITTOS (Ancient city) ORCHOMENOS
One was at Hyettus in Boeotia (Pausan. ix. 36, § 6); another at Bura, in Achaia. Those who consulted it prayed and put their questions, and then cast four dice painted with figures, and the answer was given according to the position of these figures (Pausan. vii. 25, § 6). Another oracle of Heracles was at Gades (Dio Cass. lxxvii. 20). Like Asclepius, Heracles was almost to be reckoned as a god; had he been merely the Greek son of Zeus and Alcmena, this would not have been so: but he was identified with foreign deities, such as Melkart.
ALALKOMENES (Ancient city) VIOTIA
ANTIKYRA (Ancient city) VIOTIA
The road to Anticyra is at first up-hill. About two stades up the slope is a level place, and on the right of the road is a sanctuary of Artemis surnamed Dictynnaean, a goddess worshipped with great reverence by citizens. The image is of Aeginetan workmanship, and made of a black stone. From the sanctuary of the Dictynnaean goddess the road is downhill all the way to Anticyra.
This extract is from: Pausanias. Description of Greece (ed. W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., & H.A. Ormerod, 1918). Cited Nov 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains comments & interesting hyperlinks.
The image of Artemis is one of the works of Praxiteles.
ELIKON (Mountain) VIOTIA
With many statues made by the best artists of the ancient times (Paus. 9,29,5 - 9,30,3 & 3,31,1-3).
KORONIA (Ancient city) VIOTIA
Before reaching Coroneia from Alalcomenae we come to the sanctuary of Itonian Athena. It is named after Itonius the son of Amphictyon, and here the Boeotians gather for their general assembly. In the temple are bronze images of Itonian Athena and Zeus; the artist was Agoracritus, pupil and loved one of Pheidias. In my time they dedicated too images of the Graces.
With an ancient image, the work of Pythodorus of Thebes; in her hand she carries Sirens. For the story goes that the daughters of Achelous were persuaded by Hera to compete with the Muses in singing. The Muses won, plucked out the Sirens' feathers (so they say) and made crowns for themselves out of them.
LEVADIA (Ancient city) VIOTIA
Demeter Europa was the nurse of Trophonius.
There is also a sanctuary of Apollo (Paus. 9,39,4).
(Paus. 9,39,4). It is the first time that a sanctuary of that name is mentioned (Ekd. Athinon, Pausaniou Periegissis, vol. 5, p. 249, note 3).
ORCHOMENOS (Archaeological site) VIOTIA
At Orchomenus is a sanctuary of Dionysus.
The oldest sanctuary is one of the Graces. They worship the stones most, and say that they fell for Eteocles out of heaven. The artistic images were dedicated in my time, and they too are of stone.
...They were changed into comets by Pluto and Persephone, and had a sanctuary near Orchomenus (Ovid, Met.xiii. 685). [p. 1031]
STIRIS (Ancient city) DISTOMO
In Stiris is a sanctuary of Demeter surnamed Stiria. It is of unburnt brick; the image is of Pentelic marble, and the goddess is holding torches. Beside her, bound1 with ribbons, is an image of Demeter, as ancient as any of that goddess that exists.
CHERONIA (Ancient city) VIOTIA
There is beyond the city a crag called Petrachus. Here they hold that Cronus was deceived, and received from Rhea a stone instead of Zeus, and there is a small image of Zeus on the summit of the mountain
LEVADIA (Ancient city) VIOTIA
Yetius (= Rain-god).
The image they say was made by Daedalus.
In a second temple are images of Cronus, Hera and Zeus (Paus. 9,39,4).
ORCHOMENOS (Archaeological site) VIOTIA
About Actaeon the Orchomenians had the following story. A ghost, they say, carrying a rock1 was ravaging the land. When they inquired at Delphi, the god bade them discover the remains of Actaeon and bury them in the earth. He also bade them make a bronze likeness of the ghost and fasten it to a rock with iron. I have myself seen this image thus fastened. They also sacrifice every year to Actaeon as to a hero
Dionysos at Orchomenos, later RE-dedicated on Mt. Helikon by Sulla.
PANOPEFS (Ancient city) CHERONIA
At Panopeus there is by the roadside a small building of unburnt brick, in which is an image of Pentelic marble, said by some to be Asclepius, by others Prometheus. The latter produce evidence of their contention. At the ravine there lie two stones, each of which is big enough to fill a cart. They have the color of clay, not earthy clay, but such as would be found in a ravine or sandy torrent, and they smell very like the skin of a man. They say that these are remains of the clay out of which the whole race of mankind was fashioned by Prometheus.
LEVADIA (Ancient city) VIOTIA
If you go up to the oracle, and thence onwards up the mountain, you come to what is called the Maid's Hunting and a temple of King Zeus (Paus. 9,39,4).
On the bank of the river there is a temple of Hercyna, in which is a maiden holding a goose in her arms (Paus. 9,39,3).
The most famous things in the grove are a temple and image of Trophonius (Paus. 9,39,4).
ORCHOMENOS (Archaeological site) VIOTIA
Seven stades from Orchomenus is a temple of Heracles with a small image.
YITTOS (Ancient city) ORCHOMENOS
In Hyettus is a temple of Heracles, from whom the sick may get cures. There is an image not carefully carved, but of unwrought stone after the ancient fashion.
ALIARTOS (Ancient city) VIOTIA
According to ancient tradition Haliartus was a sacred place as those tombs mentioned by Pausanias were situated there. The Spartan Lysander was also buried in Haliartus (Paus. 9,18,4 & 9,33,1).
ANTIKYRA (Ancient city) VIOTIA
Beyond the market-place there is in a well a spring of water. Over the well there is a roof to shelter it from the sun, with columns to support the roof. A little higher up than the well is a tomb built of any stones that came to hand. Here they say are buried the sons of Iphitus; one returned safe from Troy and died in his native land; the other, Schedius, died, they say, in the Troad, but his bones also were brought home.
This extract is from: Pausanias. Description of Greece (ed. W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., & H.A. Ormerod, 1918). Cited Nov 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains comments & interesting hyperlinks.
CHERONIA (Ancient city) VIOTIA
As you approach the city you see a common grave of the Thebans who were killed in the struggle against Philip. It has no inscription, but is surmounted by a lion, probably a reference to the spirit of the men. That there is no inscription is, in my opinion, because their courage was not favoured by appropriate good fortune
LEVADIA (Ancient city) VIOTIA
By the side of the river (Herkyna) is the tomb of Arcesilaus, whose bones, they say, were carried back from Troy by Leitus (Paus. 9,39,3).
ORCHOMENOS (Archaeological site) VIOTIA
(Paus. 9.38,3).
(Paus. 9,38,3-4).
PANOPEFS (Ancient city) CHERONIA
Here at the ravine is the tomb of Tityos. The circumference of the mound is just about one-third of a stade, and they say that the verse in the Odyssey "Lying on the ground, and lie lay over nine roods", refers not to the size of Tityos, but to the place where he lay, the name of which was Nine Roods.
LEFYSTION (Mountain) LEVADIA
(Paus. 9.34.5)
CHERONIA (Ancient city) VIOTIA
In the territory of Chaeroneia are two trophies, which the Romans under Sulla set up to commemorate their victory over the army of Mithridates under Taxilus
DAVLIS (Ancient city) VIOTIA
Turning back from Daulis to the straight road to Delphi and going forwards, you see on the left of the road a building called the Phocian Building, where assemble the Phocian delegates from each city. The building is large, and within are pillars standing throughout its length. From the pillars rise steps to each wall, on which steps the Phocian delegates take their seats. At the end are neither pillars nor steps, but images of Zeus, Athena and Hera. That of Zeus is on a throne; on his right stands Hera, on his left Athena.
LEFYSTION (Mountain) LEVADIA
Heracles surnamed Charops (With bright eyes). Here (on the Lafystious mount), say the Boeotians, Heracles ascended with the hound of Hades. (Paus. 9.34.5)
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